Peer Review
Peer review is a voluntary activity conducted primarily by the research community for establishing quality and credibility of research. Knowledge of peer review and how to do it is very important for honesty, accuracy and reliability, and therefore public trust in research.
UKRIO Resources
Guidance
- Peer Review. UKRIO Code of Practice for Research.
https://ukrio.org/wp-content/uploads/Peer-Review_Excerpt-from-the-Code.pdf
Webinar
- Peer Review Week Webinar: EASE & UKRIO Panel Discussion (September 2022) – James Parry, Matt Hodgkinson, Gowri Gopalakrishna, John Carlisle, Caroline Porter, Magdalena Morawska. (2022). UKRIO & EASE Webinars. (1h 30 min).
https://ukrio.org/events/webinar-series/peer-review-week-webinar/
Slides
- Publication Ethics: Evolving peer review to improve its integrity, robustness, transparency and inclusivity – Dr Jane Alfred. (2020). UKRIO Webinars.
https://ukrio.org/wp-content/uploads/UKRIO-webinar-July-2020-Evolving-peer-review-to-improve-its-integrity-robustness-transparency-and-inclusivity-Dr-J-Alfred.pdf
External Resources
Guidance
- Peer Review Toolkit. EASE.
https://ease.org.uk/communities/peer-review-committee/peer-review-toolkit/ - Chatbots, Generative AI, and Scholarly Manuscripts. WAME.
https://wame.org/page3.php?id=106 - Responsibilities in the Submission and Peer-Review Process. ICMJE.
https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/responsibilities-in-the-submission-and-peer-peview-process.html - Ethical guidelines for peer reviewers. COPE.
https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.9 - Peer review processes. COPE.
https://publicationethics.org/peerreview - Understanding the peer review process. Taylor & Francis Group.
https://authorservices.taylorandfrancis.com/publishing-your-research/peer-review/ - What is peer review? Elsevier.
https://www.elsevier.com/en-gb/reviewer/what-is-peer-review - Peer review process. BMC (BioMed Central).
https://www.biomedcentral.com/getpublished/peer-review-process#:~:text=Peer%20review%20is%20the%20system,be%20published%20in%20their%20journal. - What is peer review? Wiley.
https://authorservices.wiley.com/Reviewers/journal-reviewers/what-is-peer-review/index.html - Peer Review General and Ethical Guidelines. Wiley.
https://authorservices.wiley.com/Reviewers/journal-reviewers/how-to-perform-a-peer-review/general-and-ethical-guidelines.html - Types of peer review. Wiley.
https://authorservices.wiley.com/Reviewers/journal-reviewers/what-is-peer-review/types-of-peer-review.html - Becoming a Reviewer. Wiley.
https://authorservices.wiley.com/Reviewers/journal-reviewers/becoming-a-reviewer.html/index.html - Alfred, J. (2023). A primer on different models of peer review. OSF Preprints.
https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/jnehu
Video
- EASE panel discussion: Assisting Peer Review with Technology and Large Language Models. (2024). EASE. (1h).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hPOxK8K3xoY - Artificial intelligence (AI) and peer review. (2023). COPE. (1h 13min).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJYB1IaS598 - Artificial intelligence and fake papers. (2023). COPE. (7 min).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KceRVV11Hs4 - How to Conduct a Peer Review. (2022). Sage. (10 min).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLONnz4AzsY
Animated Primer
- How does peer review make research more trustworthy? (2020). Cambridge University Press. (2 min).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_tovjfQtxk
Infographic
- Principles of Peer Review. Wiley.
https://authorservices.wiley.com/asset/Principles_of_Peer_Review.pdf - To review, or not to review? Wiley.
https://authorservices.wiley.com/asset/To_Review_or_Not_to_Review.pdf - What does Peer Reviewing do for me? Wiley.
https://authorservices.wiley.com/asset/What_Does_Reviewing_Do_For_Me.pdf - Transparent Peer Review: what does it mean for you? Wiley and Clarivate.
https://authorservices.wiley.com/asset/Transparent%20Peer%20Review.pdf - A brief History of Peer Review. Cactus and EASE.
https://ease.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/A-brief-history-of-peer-review-infographic.png - How to select reviewers. EASE.
https://ease.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/1662/72/EASE_1_6_Infographic_Sep_5_2022.pdf - Being a good peer reviewer: Dos & Don’ts. EASE.
https://ease.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/EASEI_3_8_Infographic_Sep_22_2022.pdf - Completing your review in 10 steps. EASE.
https://ease.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/1662/72/EASEI_2_6_Infographic_Sep_5_2022.pdf
Services
- Journal-independent open peer review. PeerRef.
https://www.peerref.com
Further Reading
📰 – News
🔬 – Research Article
⭐ – Review/Report
💡 – Opinion/Comment
- 💡 Wells, S. (2024). Could AI Disrupt Peer Review? IEEE Spectrum.
https://spectrum.ieee.org/ai-peer-review - 💡 Hosseini, M. and Horbach, S.P.J.M. (2023). Can generative AI add anything to academic peer review? LSE.
https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2023/09/26/can-generative-ai-add-anything-to-academic-peer-review/ - 💡 Where next in peer review? Part 1: COPE commentary. (2023). COPE.
https://publicationethics.org/news/where-next-peer-review-part-1 - 💡 Where next in peer review? Part 2: COPE commentary. (2023). COPE.
https://publicationethics.org/news/where-next-peer-review-ai - 💡 AI and the future of scholarly publishing (part 1). (2023). The Royal Society.
https://royalsociety.org/blog/2023/09/ai-and-the-future-of-scholarly-publishing-1/ - 💡 AI and the future of scholarly publishing (part 2). (2023). The Royal Society.
https://royalsociety.org/blog/2023/09/ai-and-the-future-of-scholarly-publishing-2/ - 💡 Bhosale, U. and Kapadia, A. (2023). AI Integration Can Future-Proof Peer Review — But only if we define and drive the right principles. Enago Academy.
https://www.enago.com/academy/ai-integration-in-peer-review/#:~:text=AI%20can%20enhance%20efficiency%2C%20objectivity,will%20need%20to%20be%20addressed - 💡 Brod, A. and Widyadari, A. (2023). Peer review week 2023: AI, peer-review, and the future of scientific publishing. BMC Blog Network.
https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/bmcseriesblog/2023/09/25/peer-review-week-2023-ai-peer-review-and-the-future-of-scientific-publishing/ - 💡 Coffey, L. (2023). AI and Peer Review: Enemies or Allies? Inside Higher Ed.
https://www.insidehighered.com/news/tech-innovation/artificial-intelligence/2023/10/24/ai-can-lessen-peer-review-woes-researchers - 💡 Lauer, M., Constant, S. & Wernimont, A. (2023). Using AI in Peer Review Is a Breach of Confidentiality. NIH.
https://nexus.od.nih.gov/all/2023/06/23/using-ai-in-peer-review-is-a-breach-of-confidentiality/ - 📰 Kaiser, J. (2023). Science funding agencies say no to using AI for peer review. Science.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj7663https://nexus.od.nih.gov/all/2023/06/23/using-ai-in-peer-review-is-a-breach-of-confidentiality/ - 🔬 Recio-Saucedo, A., Crane, K., Meadmore, K. (2022). What works for peer review and decision-making in research funding: a realist synthesis. Res Integr Peer Rev. 7:2.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41073-022-00120-2 - ⭐ Smith E,M. (2021). Reimagining the peer-review system for translational health science journals. Clin Transl Sci. 14:1210-1221.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cts.13050 - 🔬 Gaudino, M., Robinson, N.B., Di Franco, A., Hameed, I., Naik, A., Demetres, M., Girardi, L.N., Frati, G., Fremes, SE., Biondi-Zoccai, G. (2021). Effects of Experimental Interventions to Improve the Biomedical Peer‐Review Process: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 10:e019903.
https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.019903 - 🔬 Conix, S., De Block, A. & Vaesen, K. (2021). Grant writing and grant peer review as questionable research practices. F1000Research. 10:1126.
https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73893.2 - 🔬 Rice, D.B., Skidmore, B. & Cobey, K.D. Dealing with predatory journal articles captured in systematic reviews. (2021). Syst Rev. 10:175. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01733-2
- 🔬 Severin, A., Strinzel, M., Egger, M., Domingo, M. & Barros, T. (2021). Characteristics of scholars who review for predatory and legitimate journals: linkage study of Cabells Scholarly Analytics and Publons data. BMJ Open. 11:e050270.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050270 - 🔬 Checco, A., Bracciale, L., Loreti, P., Pinfield, S. & Bianchi, G. (2021). AI-assisted peer review. Humanit Soc Sci Commun. 8:25.
https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-00703-8 - 🔬 Tennant, J.P. & Ross-Hellauer, T. (2020). The limitations to our understanding of peer review. Res Integr Peer Rev. 5:6.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41073-020-00092-1 - 🔬 McDowell, G.S., Knutsen, J.D., Graham, J.M., Oelker, S.K. & R.S. Lijek (2019). Research Culture: Co-reviewing and ghostwriting by early-career researchers in the peer review of manuscripts. eLife. 8:e48425.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.48425
Last updated May 2024
Please note that this list of resources is not intended to be exhaustive and should not be seen as a substitute for appropriate advice. UKRIO is not responsible for the content of external websites linked to from this page. If you would like to seek advice from UKRIO, information on our role and remit and on how to contact us is available here.